Population of western Siberia during Second World war (1939-1945)
Abstract
The article discusses the features of demographic processes in Western Siberia during the Great Patriotic War. These features consist in drastic changes in population size and structure due to the mobilization and migration typical of the war period, especially evacuation. The main determinants of the spatial movements of people during this period were military-political factors. State control over the territorial displacement of people was greatly strengthened. During the war the rural population shrank dramatically, while the number of city dwellers, due to the influx of migrants, increased. The proportion of the urban population rose, but it was a quasi-urbanization of the region. Due to changes in population structure and the general deterioration of living conditions, fertility was significantly reduced, which became the main cause of the natural decrease of the population in 1942-1944. Mortality, after increasing in the first years of the war, in 1943 began to decline, with the mortality rate in 1945 being more than twice as low as in 1941. The most important role in this reduction was played by the health care system.
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References
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