Географическая близость родственников и переезды пожилых людей: исследование на основе данных регистров населения Норвегии и Швеции
Аннотация
Семья остается одним из важнейших источников поддержки для пожилых людей. Географическая близость членов семьи имеет важные последствия для частоты контактов, обмена межпоколенными трансфертами, эмоциональных связей, благополучия пожилых людей, а также для увеличивающегося спроса на формальный и неформальный уход. В свете старения населения и растущего давления на устойчивость системы ухода за пожилыми данное исследование, посвященное географической близости между членами семей и переездам в пожилом возрасте, вносит вклад в изучение внутренней миграции, старения, семейных отношений и социального обеспечения. Исследование также дает новую информацию политикам и практикам, заинтересованным в более сбалансированном участии государства и семьи в системе ухода.
Главный вопрос исследования заключался в следующем: как жизненные обстоятельства пожилых людей связаны с их собственной миграционной активностью и активностью их родственников (включая переезд пожилых людей в учреждения интернатного типа)? Мы использовали полные данные регистров населения Норвегии и Швеции, чтобы изучить роль таких жизненных обстоятельств как, потребности в профессиональном уходе, серьезные проблемы со здоровьем (операционализированные как «близость к дате смерти»), а также отсутствие основных членов семьи (супругов и/или взрослых детей) в миграционном поведении пожилых. Включение в модели дополнительных детерминант миграционного поведения, таких как связи с другими членами семьи, гендер, использование формальных услуг по уходу и контекстуальные различия в местах проживания (т. е. муниципальные характеристики), помогли детализировать ответ на наш исследовательский вопрос.
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