Household expenditures on additional education and health of children aged 10-17 in Russian regions
Abstract
The article is based on data from an online survey conducted among parents with at least one child aged 10-17. The survey was conducted in eight regions of Russia, with a sample of 115,115 questionnaires. For analysis, we selected observations containing data on household size and expenditures on at least one of two child expenditures categories - additional education and medicine. The subsample totaled 100,397 questionnaires
(87% of the whole sample). The paper shows the factors determining the likelihood of higher household spending on additional education and child health, including household composition, location etc. In addition, we found that the child's gender and age are significant factors for the size of household expenditures in the categories considered. Girls are often more involved than boys in the system of additional education, which affects the level of their parents' expenditures in this sphere. As for health expenditures, we found higher spending on children at younger ages among parents of boys, but after age 13 an imbalance appears in favor of girls. The higher health spending on girls can be explained in part by the fact that by age 17, a higher proportion of girls than boys have health limitations. In addition, we found a significantly higher proportion of boys participating in sports, which may also be a factor in the greater health spending on girls.
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