Особенности динамики и компоненты снижения смертности в Москве в 1989-2017 гг.

  • Елена Константиновна Папанова Национальный Исследовательский Университет «Высшая Школа Экономики»
  • Владимир Михайлович Школьников Национальный Исследовательский Университет «Высшая Школа Экономики»
  • Сергей Андреевич Тимонин Национальный Исследовательский Университет «Высшая Школа Экономики»
Ключевые слова: смертность, продолжительность жизни, пожилой возраст, трудоспособный возраст, качество статистических данных, причины смерти, Москва

Аннотация

Москва – регион с самой высокой ожидаемой продолжительностью жизни в России. Это крупнейший город страны с высокими доходами, особой структурой населения, высокой концентрацией всех ресурсов, в том числе в сфере здравоохранения, которому уделяется особое внимание на уровне городских властей. Отдельные этапы изменения продолжительности жизни в Москве уникальны по сравнению с большинством других регионов России. Разница в продолжительности жизни между Москвой и Россией в период с середины 1990-х до середины 2000-х годов была обусловлена главным образом более низкой смертностью населения в средних возрастах. Впоследствии главный акцент смещается на смертность пожилого населения. При положительной динамике показателей смертности в целом уровень и динамика смертности в отдельных возрастных группах в Москве выглядят неправдоподобно. Качество данных может оказывать заметное влияние на достоверность демографических показателей и требует отдельного внимания при анализе продолжительности жизни. В частности, численность пожилого населения Москвы может быть завышена, что влияет на показатели смертности в старших возрастах. Особенности смертности по причинам смерти в Москве в целом соответствуют среднероссийским тенденциям, однако наблюдается более быстрое снижение смертности от новообразований, а также более реалистичные возрастные коэффициенты смертности в старших возрастных группах.

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Опубликован
2019-04-01
Как цитировать
Папанова Е. К., Школьников В. М., & Тимонин С. А. (2019). Особенности динамики и компоненты снижения смертности в Москве в 1989-2017 гг. Демографическое обозрение, 6(1), 50-103. https://doi.org/10.17323/demreview.v6i1.9113
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