Особенности динамики и компоненты снижения смертности в Москве в 1989-2017 гг.
Аннотация
Москва – регион с самой высокой ожидаемой продолжительностью жизни в России. Это крупнейший город страны с высокими доходами, особой структурой населения, высокой концентрацией всех ресурсов, в том числе в сфере здравоохранения, которому уделяется особое внимание на уровне городских властей. Отдельные этапы изменения продолжительности жизни в Москве уникальны по сравнению с большинством других регионов России. Разница в продолжительности жизни между Москвой и Россией в период с середины 1990-х до середины 2000-х годов была обусловлена главным образом более низкой смертностью населения в средних возрастах. Впоследствии главный акцент смещается на смертность пожилого населения. При положительной динамике показателей смертности в целом уровень и динамика смертности в отдельных возрастных группах в Москве выглядят неправдоподобно. Качество данных может оказывать заметное влияние на достоверность демографических показателей и требует отдельного внимания при анализе продолжительности жизни. В частности, численность пожилого населения Москвы может быть завышена, что влияет на показатели смертности в старших возрастах. Особенности смертности по причинам смерти в Москве в целом соответствуют среднероссийским тенденциям, однако наблюдается более быстрое снижение смертности от новообразований, а также более реалистичные возрастные коэффициенты смертности в старших возрастных группах.
Скачивания
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