Рождаемость в семьях мигрантов: данные, гипотезы, модели (обзор зарубежных исследований)
Аннотация
Исследованиям рождаемости среди мигрантов в последние десятилетия в демографии уделяется немало внимания. Это связано прежде всего с ростом мировой миграции, обеспечивающим данной научной проблематике немалую практическую актуальность в связи с задачами демографического прогнозирования. Одновременно тема рождаемости мигрантов приобретает все больший междисциплинарный теоретический интерес, поскольку она имеет отношения к таким важным для современных социальных наук явлениям, как взаимодействие культур, трансформация поведенческих норм и др.
В отечественной науке тема рождаемости мигрантов до сих пор остается достаточно периферийной (несмотря на богатство эмпирического материала по данной теме, доступного для исследований в России). Цель настоящего обзора – первоначальное систематическое знакомство с литературой, посвященной рождаемости среди тех, кто совершил миграцию, и среди их детей.
Обзор состоит из трех частей. В первой части представлены основные имеющиеся гипотезы о влиянии миграции на рождаемость, в наиболее общем виде обсуждаются возможности их проверки, а также их общетеоретический контекст. Во второй части рассматриваются особенности применения количественных методов и методов статистического моделирования для исследования рождаемости среди мигрантов. В третьей части представлены избранные исследования по рождаемости мигрантов в отдельных странах, дающие представление о разнообразии динамики рождаемости в переселенческих сообществах.
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Литература
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