Итоги переписи населения СССР 1939 г.: две проблемы адекватности
Аннотация
С целью анализа адекватности существующих оценок общей численности населения СССР по данным переписи 1939 г. рассмотрены положения инструкции к заполнению переписного листа этой переписи. Их сравнение с более совершенной инструкцией к переписи 1959 г. показало, что инструкция 1939 г. создавала возможность двойного счета населения. Это подтверждает правомерность наиболее низкой оценки численности населения СССР, данной известным российским демографом А.Г. Волковым на основе материалов переписи 1939 г. – 167,6 млн человек. Рассчитаны и проанализированы количественные оценки влияния межреспубликанского перераспределения переписных листов заключенных при разработке итогов переписи 1939 г. Для всего населения России по большинству показателей эти оценки не меняют картины, известной прежде по официальным итогам этой переписи. Напротив, для Украины и особенно для Казахстана пересчеты дали заметные изменения, которые в некоторых случаях существенно уточняют представление о составе их довоенного населения.
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Литература
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